Speaking as someone who started out with Ruby and Rails and has since migrated to other stacks...
I would never conflate Ruby and Rails.
Ruby is a language that took interesting ideas and developed them in a unique way. Today, it doesn't align with my goals 100% anymore (I do like Ruby's focus on expressivity, but not when it comes at the expense of predictability), but I don't think that's Ruby's fault.
Rails, by contrast, is software that did a few things right (things should work mostly out of the box, automated migrations, testing built in) and way too many things wrong. Design and architecture are dirty words for much of the Rails community (and this thought very explicitly originates with DHH who still maintains that you don't need anything besides models, views and controllers), autoloading is hot garbage, "magic" libraries that start monkeypatching your code just because you add them to your Gemfile are a thing, the biggest auth library, devise, is an opinionated mess, writing proper (fast) unit tests is difficult and goes against the framework, and so on.
I would say that most of the good ideas that came with Rails have now been incorporated by better frameworks (even in Ruby itself, but in particular also in other ecosystems), so it's good that it was there, but I wouldn't recommend it any more.
But Ruby didn't originate with Rails. To my knowledge it's still used today by Japanese developers who don't particularly care about Rails.
If I've conflated Ruby and Rails, it wasn't by intent.
I do think Rails was like it was in large part by direct derivation from, and enshrinement of, Ruby's allergy to rigor - which isn't to say they're the same thing, but that the latter directly predated and heavily informed the former.
Yes, Ruby has always prioritised readability and "developer happiness" over predictability and rigour, but that doesn't mean that it necessarily encouraged incomprehensible meta-frameworks. Sinatra or similar projects show how things can be done more decently in Ruby, while still utilising its malleability in order to create a nice DSL.
When a main goal to maximize a subjective trait such as "developer happiness," you are almost certain to cause the opposite for a significant portion of your users. This is the curse of inherited ruby code.
Ruby gives incredible flexibility to individual developers writing code the way they prefer. For a large team, that can be a problem but I'm not sure that was Ruby's original target group.
I would never conflate Ruby and Rails.
Ruby is a language that took interesting ideas and developed them in a unique way. Today, it doesn't align with my goals 100% anymore (I do like Ruby's focus on expressivity, but not when it comes at the expense of predictability), but I don't think that's Ruby's fault.
Rails, by contrast, is software that did a few things right (things should work mostly out of the box, automated migrations, testing built in) and way too many things wrong. Design and architecture are dirty words for much of the Rails community (and this thought very explicitly originates with DHH who still maintains that you don't need anything besides models, views and controllers), autoloading is hot garbage, "magic" libraries that start monkeypatching your code just because you add them to your Gemfile are a thing, the biggest auth library, devise, is an opinionated mess, writing proper (fast) unit tests is difficult and goes against the framework, and so on.
I would say that most of the good ideas that came with Rails have now been incorporated by better frameworks (even in Ruby itself, but in particular also in other ecosystems), so it's good that it was there, but I wouldn't recommend it any more.
But Ruby didn't originate with Rails. To my knowledge it's still used today by Japanese developers who don't particularly care about Rails.