They seem to be uncorrelated with real-world physics. Whether they are "new" is anybody's guess. They're variables identified in a virtual environment, rather than the real world so there's very little chance they correspond to something in the real world, let alone physics, much less "new physics".

I saw it commented somewhere that epicycles (of astronomical fame) are essentially additional terms in a Fourier series.

I suppose anything nonlinear could invite multiple terms incidental to a particular local fit.