In some countries and some schools, CS/Informatics/Programming is a mandatory subject. Lets share here some materials, curriculum, syllabuses, textbooks, etc... Thanks!
In the U.S. there has been an AP Computer Science A exam for decades. The languages used have been Pascal, C++, and now Java https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AP_Computer_Science . There is also AP Computer Science Principles, which requires less programming skill. I think it's one of the "baby AP exams" that the College Board has created to increase exam fee revenue.
The University of Waterloo has the Centre for Education in Mathematics and computing. They have some good material for grades 7 & 8 as well as high school.