"For me (EU) [..]"

You are probably not the right person to ask then, but I always wondered: How prevalent are these consent popups outside of the EU?

Way less frequent. I'm usually jumping between Germany and India and whenever I'm in Germany it feels like I'm always getting a popup on every site I visit for the first time.

A lot of the same sites don't bother to throw the popup when I'm browsing from India.

In the US, I see them fairly often. Doubly annoying because I know they don't even have to obey my answers in the US.

If their consent manager doesn't distinguish between EU and non-eu, I doubt they'll handle your data differently