Low quality software kills people.

Both will stay manual / require high level of review they're not what's being disrupted (at-least in near term) - it's the rest.

What was automated was the production of raw cloth.

This phenomenon is a general one… chainsaws vs hand saws, bread slicers vs hand slicing, mechanical harvesters vs manual harvesting, etc.

A large enough GDPR or SOX violation is the boogeyman that CEO's see in their nightmares.

Eventually the whole protomolecule thing settles down, and afterwards you have essentially politics and genocide in space, which can be good but almost feels like a different genre.

As for the show, I have mixed feelings. They just kept jumping the shark time and time again so at some point it got sort of normalized.

I live in the Netherlands, where the average teenager used to ride a regular Dutch city bike. Internal hub, no-frills bicycles.

Nowadays, however, fat e-bikes are all the rage among that age group. They are quickly becoming extremely popular, and are essentially electric scooters without plates or registration. Many of them require little or no effort to pedal, and can carry up to two riders in them. These are also designed to meet regulations, while also being able to easily be modified to circumvent them, such as removing speed restrictions, and removing the need to pedal itself.

This is also reflected in the shape of these things, which generally does not account for ergonomics. Their seat and handlebars are usually fixed in place. They appear to be designed without pedaling in mind, as exerting effort without proper ergonomics would quickly become uncomfortable and painful. You can actually see some such bikes in the linked article.

Time will tell whether this is truly healthy to them, but I have a hard time believing this to be the case. I think the fat bike demographic might start putting on weight.

United States, obviously. Article makes zero pretence being about anything other than that and it's stated right there in the opening paragraph: "among America’s youth".

I do cycle (normal bike). These are some of the things that I told myself that kept me from getting into it when I was younger.

Yes, that's what happens when you exercise, and judging by how fat Americans are, seems like they could use some.

>Lot of 2 lane roads without shoulders or sidewalks makes cycling on them scary.

How do ebikes fix this? It's still a bike, not a tank.

On fat Americans: at the time and still I'm likely a 99.9%er cardio wise, and I still had the concern about being sweaty. I wasn't exactly trying to smell bad during lectures.

Ob ebikes not being tanks: Going 20 in a 25 is a lot less scary then going 8 up a hill where cars are BLASTING past you. Lower effort also means you can spend more brainpower on spacial awareness, when you are gassed you tend to notice less around you.

But somehow the Dutch have this collective amnesia on the topic, and today nobody remembers how the "snorfiets" problem of 10-15 years ago has pretty much disappeared, to be replaced by a quieter and safer mode of transport (even ilegally modified E-Bikes usually fall far short of modified "snorfiets" speeds).

    > [...]appear to be designed without pedaling in mind,
    > as exerting effort without proper ergonomics would
    > quickly become uncomfortable and painful.

The "fat bike" design is something that wouldn't work well unassisted, because it trades a severe increase in rolling resistance for better ride comfort.

But as a clean sheet design it makes more sense than the alternative. Why incorporate a complex suspension design (which, to be fair, some of them also have), when you can just have the tire absorb the bumps in the road? The marginal cost in electricity is trivial.

It's only a trend because people are not using them like bikes. The people who still want to pedal but need help because of illness, old age or too-long-distances for normal cycling often purchase actual bicycles which use normal bike parts.

> The "fat bike" design is something that wouldn't work well unassisted, because it trades a severe increase in rolling resistance for better ride comfort.

That is an understatement. People would quickly develop knee and/or lower back pain if they had to put any effort for any meaningful distance.

    > It's only a trend because people are not using them like bikes.

The grandmother maintaining an easy 20 km/h against strong headwinds on her Sunday cruise? The petite mother bringing her kids to school at a comfortable 20 km/h in a 50 kg cargo bike, something she'd probably struggle to do at 5 km/h unassisted by an electric motor, if at all?

The fact is that E-Bikes have have opened up all sorts of use cases that wouldn't be practical without motor assistance.

I don't think "Fat bikes" are a particular outlier here. The basic design (or something similar) has been around since the 60's[1] as lowrider bikes. Fat Bikes provide basically the same riding geometry, only with an extra wide tire.

    > actual bicycles which use normal bike parts.

Yes, the frame and seat are custom/unusual for a bicycle, but the same is true (at least for the frame) for a lot of modern bicycle designs, e.g. VanMoof and Cowboy bicycles (both of which you'd presumably consider "like bikes").

1. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lowrider_bicycle

The difference is, of course, that a snorfiets/bromfiets requires a driving license (AB) and a fatbike does not, nor does it have any age restriction. A classic case of the legislator not keeping up.

    > A classic case of the legislator not keeping up.

Class 1 e-bikes are limited to 32 km/h here, but simple mods push them well above 50 km/h.

Many of these bikes are designed to be hacked, with unlocked power output significantly higher than the locked output. It’s a selling point and a key part of reviews.

This is the trend near me: Kids buy hackable e-bike, immediately unlock it, and then ride their new electric scooter (motorcycle) around pretending it’s an e-bike.

There’s a separated mixed use bike path parallel to a road on my commute. It’s typical to see e-bike kids driving up it faster than the road traffic on the road, while pedestrians and families jump to the side.

The mopeds would barely go 30mph as sold. That was hackable though if you were so inclined and had a set of wrenches.

Still, parking is such a racket in Seaport, including unnecessarily strict ticketing on motorcycles, that I don't blame the delivery guys for using the mopeds. I'm not sure what their realistic alternative would be.

They'll definitely gain weight, it is quite easy to tell that they aren't exerting much effort during pedal assist.

Tire noise is enormous though. I think their tires are made / selected with this in mind, as young males often do like to get attention. Most e-scooters are way quieter than these ugly things.

Can't they be regulated based on weight or otherwise the width of the tires?

Came here to write exactly that. Those who design those bikes clearly don't know a thing about bicycle design. Want to use them for pedaling? Say hi to knee problems and inefficient pedaling!

But then again, take a stroll around a shop-laden street in Japan and you'll see the exact same thing. They just like it that way.

Funny thing is how for interior design they do a full 180 and typically go very minimalistic.

Only if they are well to do. Most family houses in Japan are crammed full of stuff with very little "design".

My God. Everything , everywhre, no design ( haha ), no exceptions. People were actually living there.

Had a cultural shock.

But the cities themselves are like that. There is zero urban planning, just buildings thrown around in impossible non-Euclidean patterns.

( btw, has anyone noticed in anime there are always frames of street cabling? Like those cylindrical transformes and thick cables. Almost cyberpunk! )

I have also heard about people with ADHD being on GLP1 agonists that it does a lot for their reward seeking behavior and impulse control.

This makes me wonder two things:

- Whether at some point these molecules will also start being used for ADHD and addiction treatment in general. I think they hold a lot of promise for issues rooted in the reward system.

- Whether a sizable portion of people who struggle with their weight have co-morbid ADHD which creates or worsens their overeating issues.

Have you noticed anything along these lines in your practice?

That being the case, the same behaviours have led me to a compulsive need to plan meals. Doing so has helped me lessen (not eliminate) food noise. Anecdotally, I've noticed with others as well, that this is the way. Prep - be fine. Don't prep - eat a small village.

I also used to binge, and meal planning and pre has also helped with that, as I tend to have periods of either really high food drive, or almost no food drive at all leading to not eating for an entire day, then downing 3000+ calories in one meal.

ADHD sucks. It's often trivialized in pop culture, but it makes life so difficult, and those real difficulties are almost never talked about.

But to add to this, I feel like there are different kinds of addictive behaviors at play that are more susceptible to one medication or the other and are based on different systems.

For instance, the food-craving reduction in GLP-1 is almost certainly not just related to reward and goal-seeking behavior. It literally affects hormone signaling for satiety, and slows down the movement of food through the stomach, and affects, globally in the body, responses to metabolic signals. And it probably has a global effect on the way every cell in the body works, which might be why there are positive health effects beyond just the weight loss.

ADHD medication, on the other hand, targets the goal-directed activity system directly. It seems much more likely to me that reduced appetite is just as much driven by the focus and "let's get shit done" mode that is artificially increased with dopamine. Both result in reduced eating but through massively different pathways. Basically, you pay attention to the biggest wave in the pond (the waves in the pond being a metaphor for all the things your brain COULD pay attention to). So when the goal-stuff gets increased in size, the food-seeking is automatically smaller by comparison, and less likely to drive your behavior and thinking.

I don't think I can say that there is much of a pattern between ADHD and overeating, just based on how easily I can predict if someone is overeating or not if I know they have ADHD. That is, it would be a coin toss.

The simplistic answer would be: Semaglutide reduces addictive behavior if it's driven by emotional regulation needs, and ADHD medication reduces pure drug-like craving. As seen in studies where people that start lisdexamfetamine (ADHD medication common in the EU) have a huge reduction in actual amphetamine abuse.

Case in point: https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamapsychiatry/fullarticle/... Findings In this Swedish nationwide cohort study of 13 965 individuals, lisdexamphetamine was significantly associated with a decrease in risk of hospitalization due to substance use disorder, any hospitalization or death, and all-cause mortality.

Person you responded to suggested P( overeating | undereating ) as opposed to your P( overeating ). I expect the effects of those two conditions would tend to cancel each other out in observations.

> As seen in studies where people that start lisdexamfetamine (ADHD medication common in the EU) have a huge reduction in actual amphetamine abuse.

Perhaps I misunderstand you but lisdexamfetamine _is_ an amphetamine. That reads like saying that people prescribed an opiate exhibit reduced opiate abuse. It seems either tautological (not abuse because permitted) or obvious (cooperative supervised use reduces bad things happening) or perhaps related to drug safety (A simply being safer to use than B).

Lisdexamfetamine is not amphetamine—not chemically, not in terms of its half-life, not in subjective experience, and not in any study that tracks behavioral or long-term effects. At best, it's a prodrug of an enantiomer of amphetamine. You are also mistaken about the study. Reading even the abstract would clear that up for you.

Let me clean up the unnecessary, convoluted language before I answer: Q: Does it stop being called "abuse" once a doctor prescribes it? A: No. The prescription stopped hospitalizations due to amphetamine overdose.

Q: Is it simply safer to use drugs with a doctor's help? A: That was not answerable based on the study's design. It is also not a useful question to ask in this context, since it's comparing apples and oranges. Some of the worst cases of drug abuse are created and maintained by doctors. However, taking drugs collaboratively with a doctor is probably safer on average than getting them from random webpages.

Q: Is this specific amphetamine safer than others? A: Yes, as is the case with any substance we ingest. You can quibble over the details, but beer is safer than hard liquor. Likewise, different medications in the same category or receptor affinity group have different LD_{50} doses (the ratio of the clinically effective threshold to the threshold where 50% of subjects would die).

No, I was merely inquiring after what appeared to be a misunderstanding but apparently wasn't.

> Lisdexamfetamine is not amphetamine

Just to clarify, this topic is always needlessly confusing because "amphetamine" is used to refer to both a distinct chemical as well as an entire class of chemicals. Lisdexamfetamine is _an_ amphetamine in exactly the same way that codeine is an opiate (ie a prodrug of).

I'm not sure why you think I'm mistaken about the study nor why you are so condescending about a misunderstanding rooted in terminology. You yourself state that it is about relative drug safety and the study is also quite clear about this so it would seem that we were in agreement all along.

If you look elsewhere in my comments, I have no problem calling myself an idiot when I make mistakes. But I hate the noise that is bad faith arguing concealed in fancy words.

Emotional regulation issues are one of the most difficult ADHD traits and it's quite under recognized for how badly it affects many of us. This is likely the reason why anxiety misdiagnoses are also fairly common.

That doesn't make your job and your income any less important for other aspects of your life. My immigration status relied for almost 7 years on my employment. You can imagine how worried I was by the prospect of losing my job.

Thankfully, I never experienced proper burnouts; but I did experience multiple cycles of being really invested in my job and just barely pushing myself to pay the bills. I do think with time, and by experiencing more cycles, I am getting closer to striking a healthier balance.

But I can't. It takes work... therapy, medication, exercise, trying to be mindful of the tools I have acquired through CBT and applying then where relevant. Despite all of this, one little thing is sometimes enough for me to fall into an anxiety pit. Ruminations then lock onto a source of worry, and that's it, I know what I'm going to be doing the rest of the day.

Don't get me wrong, I wholeheartedly agree with the post. That said, when my immigration status and my entire life as I have known it for 7 years relies on my employment, not to be anxious and fearful is hard. Sometimes there are valid reasons to be worried that go beyond one's worth in the workplace, and those cannot be rationalized away.

You can still see a few of these houses and their traditional gardens in some of the wealthy, old-money smelling parts of Kyoto.