This is what big O (also little O and little omega) notation is all about. Unfortunately, all the resources I know of teach it as pure mathematics, so they require a firm grasp of mathematical proofs to understand the details and implications.
With that said I highly recommend the classic Introduction to Algorithms (CLRS for short) by Cormen et Al. It is written in clear and straightforward language. And the lectures on MIT OCW by Erik Demaine are outstanding.
By reading and watching the lectures I deeply understood stuff that I had just muddled through previously.
Introduction to Algorithms is a classic that every serious programmer should read cover to cover.
at my first programming job (now almost 30 years ago), I remember implementing the red-black tree algorithms in C from that book. It is chock full of really useful ideas that will make your systems better.
It depends on what programming language you'd like to work in and what exactly processing means to you. Are you interested in audio analysis or writing programs that generate audio like a synthesizer for a DAW? For audio analysis I'd recommend essentia a C++ library with Python bindings. For writing plugins, I'd recommend you take a look at JUCE, which has a decent set of tutorials on their website. You'll notice that C++ is pretty standard in industry because speed and hardware access are important. If JUCE is the sort of thing you're looking for, I'd also recommend the Audio Developer Conference talks on Youtube.
I've found rust to be very capable as well, if lacking in runtime libraries with native bindings. It's not too difficult to bind into coreaudio and jack, though.
I've actually been doing a bit of research into using Rust for an upcoming project. The JUCE library is just so fully featured that it would be an undue burden to use any other language to write audio software in. Still, I think Rust is an attractive language for this space and there's definitely some talk about expanding libraries for a JUCE alternative.
I believe that what he is trying to say is that, even though the lyrics are about killing people, selling drugs and so, nobody bans their music and they have the right to express themselves.
